![]() They then applied the same method to examine the time-energy correlation of earthquakes (using data from Japan) and of solar flares (using records from the Hinode international mission to study the sun), and compared the results of all three phenomena. So the team decided to calculate correlation across two-dimensional space, analyzing the time and emission energy of nearly 7,000 bursts from three different repeater FRB sources. However, Totani and co-author Yuya Tsuzuki, a graduate student in the same department, point out that calculating only the wait-time distribution does not take into account correlations that might exist across other bursts. ![]() So far, statistical analysis of FRBs has focused on the distribution of wait times between two successive bursts. "Recent observational advances have led to the detection of thousands more FRBs, so we took the opportunity to compare the now large statistical data sets available for FRBs with data from earthquakes and solar flares, to explore possible similarities." "It was theoretically considered that the surface of a magnetar could be experiencing a starquake, an energy release similar to earthquakes on Earth," said Professor Tomonori Totani from the Department of Astronomy at the Graduate School of Science. Magnetars are neutron stars with extremely strong magnetic fields, and these have been observed to emit FRBs. ![]() These stars form when a supergiant star collapses, going from eight times the mass of our sun (on average) to a superdense core only 20–40 kilometers across. However, the current prevailing theory is that at least some FRBs are emitted by neutron stars. The cause of FRBs is unknown, but some ideas have been put forward, including that they might even be alien in origin. While the sources of most bursts detected so far appear to emit a one-off event, there are about 50 FRB sources which emit bursts repeatedly. It has been estimated that as many as 10,000 FRBs may happen every day if we could observe the whole sky. ![]() First discovered in 2007, these bursts can travel billions of light years but typically last mere thousandths of a second. Thanks to technological advances, we can explore the surface of Mars, marvel at Saturn's rings and pick up mysterious signals from deep space.įast radio bursts are hugely powerful, bright bursts of energy which are visible on radio waves. While some people dream of boldly going where no one has gone before, there is a lot we can learn from the comfort of Earth. The vastness of space holds many mysteries. The research is published in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. This discovery could help us better understand earthquakes, the behavior of high-density matter and aspects of nuclear physics. This supports the theory that FRBs are caused by "starquakes" on the surface of neutron stars. However, new research at the University of Tokyo has looked at the time and energy of FRBs and found distinct differences between FRBs and solar flares, but several notable similarities between FRBs and earthquakes. The sample problem below demonstrates how to calculate the atomic mass of chlorine.Previous studies have noted broad similarities between the energy distribution of repeat FRBs, and that of earthquakes and solar flares. The atomic mass of an element is the weighted average of the atomic masses of the naturally occurring isotopes of that element. Why? We need to take into account the percent natural abundance of each isotope, in order to calculate the weighted average. ![]() \nonumber \]Ĭlearly the actual average atomic mass from the last column of the table is significantly lower. ![]()
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